Welcome to the BlastWave Glossary

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XML (Extensible Markup Language)

A flexible, structured language often used in OT systems for data exchange between devices, which can introduce security risks if not properly validated.

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XPath Injection

XPath Injection

A type of injection attack that targets OT systems using XML data, allowing attackers to manipulate queries and access unauthorized information.

XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Protection

XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Protection

Mitigation measures to prevent the injection of malicious scripts into OT systems’ web-based dashboards or human-machine interfaces (HMIs).

Xilinx Chips

Xilinx Chips

Specialized processors often used in OT systems for critical applications, including FPGA-based devices. Ensuring secure configurations of these chips is essential for preventing cyberattacks.

Y

Y

YAML (Yet Another Markup Language)

YAML (Yet Another Markup Language)

A human-readable data serialization format used in OT systems for configuration files and automation scripts. Securing YAML files is crucial to prevent misconfigurations that can lead to vulnerabilities.

YARA Rules

YARA Rules

A set of rules used to identify and classify malware by analyzing patterns in files or processes. In OT environments, YARA rules help detect known threats and unusual behavior in industrial networks.

Yagi Antenna

Yagi Antenna

A directional antenna used in industrial wireless networks for transmitting and receiving signals. Securing Yagi antennas in OT systems is essential to prevent unauthorized communication interception.

Yarn (Yet Another Resource Negotiator)

Yarn (Yet Another Resource Negotiator)

A resource management system used in distributed computing environments. In OT systems, ensuring the secure use of Yarn prevents unauthorized resource allocation and potential cyber threats.

Yearly Patch Management

Yearly Patch Management

A patch management strategy that annually schedules updates for OT systems. While frequent patching is ideal, many OT environments implement yearly patch cycles to minimize downtime.

Yellow Team

Yellow Team

A cybersecurity team that integrates Red and Blue Team efforts by improving defenses through collaboration. In OT environments, Yellow Teams can help optimize security measures by understanding offensive and defensive strategies.

Yield Optimization Security

Yield Optimization Security

Ensuring cybersecurity measures in OT environments do not negatively impact production yield or operational efficiency.

Yield Rate Monitoring

Yield Rate Monitoring

Monitoring production output in industrial environments to detect anomalies that may indicate cyberattacks on OT systems, such as sabotage or tampering with equipment.

YottaScale

YottaScale

A term used to describe massive-scale data management solutions. In OT environments, yottabyte-scale data management ensures the secure handling of large amounts of operational data from sensors, controllers, and IoT devices.

YubiKey Authentication

YubiKey Authentication

A hardware-based security device used for multi-factor authentication (MFA) in OT systems. YubiKeys provides a secure way to authenticate users who are accessing critical industrial control systems.

Z

Z

Z-Wave Protocol

Z-Wave Protocol

Another wireless communication protocol often used in industrial automation. Securing Z-Wave devices is critical to preventing signal interception and device tampering.

Zero Trust Architecture

Zero Trust Architecture

A security model that requires strict identity verification for every person and device.

Zero-Day Exploit

Zero-Day Exploit

A type of attack that takes advantage of a zero-day vulnerability, often targeting legacy OT systems that are slow to patch.

Zero-Day Vulnerability

Zero-Day Vulnerability

A security flaw in OT systems or devices that is unknown to the vendor and unpatched, leaving systems open to exploitation until a fix is issued.

Zeroization

Zeroization

The process of securely erasing sensitive data, such as cryptographic keys, from OT devices to prevent unauthorized recovery.

Zettabyte-Scale Data

Zettabyte-Scale Data

Refers to massive amounts of data collected and processed by OT systems. Securing zettabyte-scale data involves ensuring data integrity, encryption, and secure storage practices.

Zigbee Protocol

Zigbee Protocol

A wireless communication protocol for low-power IoT devices in OT environments. Ensuring secure configurations of Zigbee devices is essential to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks and unauthorized access.

Zombie Process

Zombie Process

In OT systems, a zombie process refers to a dead process that has completed execution but still consumes system resources, potentially creating performance issues and security vulnerabilities.

Zone Controller

Zone Controller

A device in OT networks that manages communication between devices within a security zone, ensuring isolation and policy enforcement.

Zone-Based Security

Zone-Based Security

A network segmentation strategy that divides OT networks into security zones, reducing the risk of threats spreading across the entire system.